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Unit 1Back into Catalan0/10Unit 2People & Descriptions🔒Unit 3The Recent Past — el perfet🔒Unit 4Narrating the Past — el passat perifràstic🔒Unit 5The Way Things Were — l'imperfet🔒Unit 6Telling a Story — past tenses together🔒Unit 7Weak Pronouns🔒Unit 8Combined Pronouns🔒Unit 9Plans & Possibilities — future & conditional🔒Unit 10Telling People What to Do — the imperative🔒Unit 11Daily Life & Routines🔒Unit 12Health & the Body🔒Unit 13Work & Studies🔒Unit 14Shopping, Services & the City🔒Unit 15Opinions & Getting Along🔒
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IPA quick referenceFull guide

Vowels

Central Catalan has eight vowels. The one that catches everyone: unstressed a and e both become the schwa /ə/, and unstressed o becomes /u/. Stressed e/o are open /ɛ ɔ/ or closed /e o/.

Consonants & habits — the golden rule

Written v = /b/; b, d, g soften between vowels /β ð ɣ/; the final -r of infinitives is silent (parlar /pəɾˈla/); x = /ʃ/, ll = /ʎ/, ny = /ɲ/.

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